Epact Scientific Instruments of Medieval and Renaissance Europe

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189 to 201 of 227 glossary terms
sundial: instrument of many different forms for finding the time from the position of the sun, usually by measuring the position of a shadow, see article on the sundial.
sundial and dividers: a compound instrument combining the functions of both a sundial and dividers.
surveying and gunnery instrument: compound instrument combining functions required in the closely-associated fields of surveying and gunnery, such as measuring bearings and finding ranges.
surveying compass: magnetic compass with fixed sights used for measuring horizontal bearings by magnetic azimuth. See also circumferentor.
surveying instrument: surveyors used instruments to take bearings, elevations, distances and other associated measures, as well as, for example, laying out plans and drawing topographical surveys. Included are such instruments as the surveying compass, surveying quadrant, surveying rod, surveying staff, surveyor's cross, surveyor's line, surveyor's square and theodolite. Surveying instruments also include compound instruments embodying several such functions.
surveying instruments: see surveying instrument.
surveying quadrant: quadrant used for land surveying, usually for measuring altitude and azimuth.
surveying rod: an instrument used by surveyors for taking distances and other associated measurements.
surveying staff: an instrument used in surveying to measure elevations.
surveying staffs: see surveying staff.
surveyor's cross: instrument for establishing right-angled lines of sight, by means either of open sights set at the ends of an equal-arm cross or slits in a cylinder.
surveyor's line: a long string or rope used to measure distances for surveying.
surveyor's square: another name for a surveyor's cross.
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