pin gnomon: the part of a sundial which casts the shadow, where this part is in the form of a pin.
plane table: type of surveying instrument, see article on the plane table.
plane table alidade: an alidade specially adapted for use with a plane table.
planetary hours: system of hour reckoning, see article on time and date.
planetary temperaments: astrological character of the fixed stars; as assigned in classical astrology, each star had a nature and effect similar to one or more of the planets.